In terms of the global threat, three different metrics are summarized: 1. The investment the oil and gas industry intends to sink into developing new oil and gas fields and shale wells between 2020 and 2024, which creates a carbon lock-in effect out to 2050; 2. The new production that would result from these expansion projects; and 3. The total cumulative carbon dioxide emissions that new financial investment decisions made over the next five years could unlock in coming decades.