Geraniol – Determination of 8-carboxy- geraniol, Hildebrandt acid, geranic acid, and 3-hydroxycitronellic acid in urine by UPLC-MS/ MS

Abstract - The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Com‑ mission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and verified the presented biomonitoring method. The method described herein enables the selective and quantitative determination of geraniol metabolites in human urine into the concentration range relevant for environmental exposure. The following four metabolites can be determined using this method: 8‑carboxygeraniol, Hildebrandt acid, geranic acid, and 3‑hydroxycitronellic acid. Hildebrandt acid, geranic acid, and 3‑hydroxycitronellic acid can also arise from the metabolism of citral. The buffered urine samples are enzymatically hydrolysed and, following addition of the internal standards (8‑carboxygeraniol‑d5, Hildebrandt acid‑d5, and 2,4,6‑octatrienoic acid), processed via liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether. The analytes are separated from any matrix components by liquid chromatography, and are then detected via tandem mass spectrometry using electrospray ionisation. The quantitative evaluation is carried out using external calibration in water.

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